Txoj hauv kev no yuav pab txo qis qhov cuam tshuam ntawm siab - lub zog them nqi ntawm cov kab sib chaws hauv zos, txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab thiab txhawb nqa qis dua - carbon thauj. Raws li kev siv EV thiab kev xa tawm hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv, cov chaw sib koom ua ke tau txav los ntawm kev sim ua haujlwm mus rau kev lag luam dav siv thoob plaws hauv kev loj, chaw ua si, chaw ua lag luam, chaw thauj khoom thiab chaw them nyiaj hauv zej zog.
1. Plaub lub hauv paus subsystems
Hnub ci PV Generation System
PV system ua haujlwm raws li qhov chaw tsim hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab, hloov lub hnub ci mus rau hluav taws xob. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb suav nrog PV modules, inverters, mounting structures, DC cables, cov thawv sib txuas thiab cov khoom siv tiv thaiv.
PV modules hloov hnub ci hluav taws xob rau hauv DC lub zog los ntawm cov nyhuv photovoltaic. PV inverters ces hloov lub zog DC mus rau hauv AC hluav taws xob siv los ntawm cov khoom siv them nyiaj, cov khoom siv thauj khoom lossis cov phiaj xwm.
Roj teeb Zog Cia System
Lub zog cia system ua raws li qhov chaw nres tsheb lub zog tsis muaj zog. Nws khaws cov hluav taws xob thaum lub hnub ci tso tawm los yog daim phiaj xav tau qis dua, tom qab ntawd tso tawm thaum them qhov xav tau nce los yog cov khoom tsim dua tshiab poob.
Cov kev lag luam feem ntau tam sim no siv lithium - ion roj teeb tshuab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lithium hlau phosphate (LFP) chemistry, vim nws cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo, lub neej ua haujlwm ntev thiab muaj kev lag luam dav. Vanadium redox flow batteries kuj tseem raug txiav txim siab rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau ntev - lub sijhawm cia lossis tus nqi ntau heev - tawm mus.
Lub roj teeb hluav taws xob zoo li qub suav nrog cov roj teeb racks lossis cov txee, lub zog hloov hluav taws xob (PCS), roj teeb tswj kev tswj hwm (BMS), cov cuab yeej tswj thermal, kev tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb.
EV Charging Infrastructure
Cov khoom siv them nqi yog cov neeg siv khoom- tig mus rau ib feem ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb, xa hluav taws xob rau EVs kom nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo.
Tej configurations muaj xws li:
DC ceev chargers, xws li los ntawm tus qauv ceev- them cov khoom mus rau siab - lub zog ua kua- lub tshuab them nyiaj txias
AC chargers, feem ntau siv rau lub sijhawm nyob ntev dua xws li chaw ua haujlwm, cov zej zog hauv zej zog thiab qhov chaw them nqi
Ua kua-txias kev them nyiaj thev naus laus zis tau siv ntau dua rau kev siv hluav taws xob siab- vim tias nws tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ntau dua tam sim no thaum txhim kho cable tuav thiab ua haujlwm thermal.
Kev Tswj Xyuas Hluav Taws Xob
Lub zog tswj qhov system, lossis EMS, yog lub chaw tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm chaw nres tsheb. Nws saib xyuas lub hnub ci tiam, roj teeb lub xeev ntawm tus nqi, kev siv lub charger, lub tsev loads thiab daim phiaj xwm txheej hauv lub sijhawm.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, EMS tuaj yeem tswj xyuas lub zog ntws mus rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv txuas ntxiv, tswj cov roj teeb them thiab tawm, txhawb kev tswj hwm kev xav tau, thiab txhim kho lub sijhawm them nyiaj. Hauv kev siv ntau dua, kev kwv yees algorithms tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho kev txiav txim siab xa tawm raws li kev cia siab hnub ci, them nyiaj xav tau thiab lub sijhawm them nqi hluav taws xob.
2. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib koom ua ke
DC -Khoom vaj tsev
DC coupling integrates PV tiam, roj teeb cia thiab DC them khoom ntawm DC sab ntawm lub system. Qhov no tuaj yeem txo cov kauj ruam hloov pauv tsis tsim nyog piv nrog qee yam AC-coupled designs.
Piv txwv li, hnub ci-tsim hluav taws xob DC tuaj yeem xa ncaj qha mus rau lub roj teeb cia lossis DC cov khoom siv them nyiaj, nyob ntawm qhov system topology. Qhov no tuaj yeem txhim kho kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev siv hluav taws xob, txawm hais tias qhov txiaj ntsig tiag tiag nyob ntawm cov khoom siv xaiv, kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab qhov chaw teeb tsa.
DC -coupled systems yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus nyiam rau tej yaam num uas muaj ib tug siab feem ntawm ntawm - lub hnub ci tiam, roj teeb cia thiab DC ceev -them xav tau.
Flexible DC Interconnection
Flexible DC interconnection tso cai rau PV, khaws cia thiab them cov khoom muaj nqis nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw nres tsheb ua haujlwm raws li lub zog sib koom ua ke. Hloov chaw kho txhua lub cuab tam raws li ib qho kev sib cais, lub zog tuaj yeem faib tawm raws li qhov tiag - lub sijhawm xav tau thiab muaj peev xwm.
Txoj hauv kev no tuaj yeem txhim kho kev siv lub zog tauj dua tshiab hauv zos, txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev them nyiaj siab tshaj thiab txhim kho qhov chaw- theem kev ua haujlwm yooj yim. Hauv kab sib chaws- thaj chaw txwv, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev xa tawm sai dua los ntawm kev txo qhov xav tau kev nthuav dav hauv kab sib chaws tam sim.
Daim phiaj-Forming Energy Storage
Daim phiaj- tsim cov roj teeb lub zog khaws cia yog tsim los muab ntau dua li cov qauv siv thiab tso tawm ua haujlwm. Lawv tuaj yeem pab txhawb qhov voltage thiab zaus stability, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qaug zog - kab sib chaws los yog Islanded ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob.
Raws li kev tswj hwm lub tswv yim thiab qhov yuav tsum tau ua, daim phiaj - cov txheej txheem tsim tuaj yeem muab cov haujlwm xws li kev txhawb nqa hluav taws xob, cov lus teb zaus, kev txhawb nqa seamless hloov mus rau dub - pib muaj peev xwm. Cov yam ntxwv no tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov muaj zog ntawm cov chaw them nqi uas ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv txoj kev taug kev mus los, cov chaw tsim khoom lossis thaj chaw uas muaj peev xwm tsawg.
Intelligent Charger Group Tswj
Nyob rau hauv siab - lub zog them chaw nres tsheb, ib txhij them lub tsheb tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj zog thiab tsis muaj kev cia siab. Intelligent charger pab pawg tswj tso cai rau EMS los tswj ntau lub chargers raws li qhov chaw muaj peev xwm, muaj roj teeb muaj, kab sib chaws txwv thiab them qhov tseem ceeb.
Thaum muaj peev xwm muaj tsawg, lub kaw lus tuaj yeem faib lub zog dynamically-piv txwv li, tswj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev them nyiaj rau kev xaiv siab - lub hwj chim chargers thaum kho ib ntus los ntawm qis dua - cov khoom tseem ceeb. Qhov no pab txhim kho kev siv tag nrho cov chaw nres tsheb yam tsis muaj kev sib txuas ntawm kab sib chaws.
Kev them nyiaj ntse thiab kev tswj hwm kev thauj khoom yooj yim tau lees paub tias yog cov cuab yeej siv tau los txo qis qhov xav tau thiab txhim kho kev sib koom ua ke raws li EV charging nthuav dav.